Prevalence of oral white lesions in patients with end-stage renal disease: A Cross sectional study

Abstract

Introduction: End stage renal disease (ESRD) has accompanying oral pathologies that emerge from the disease process or from the impact of hemodialysis or both. Inevitably, untreated oral lesions may aggravate clinical presentation and prognosis of renal disease. The aim of our study was to investigate the clinical patterns of white lesions in the oral cavity in the patients having end-stage renal disease, and to study the factors associated with the appearance of these lesions. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study was designed to determine prevalence of oral white lesions among patients with ESRD attending the nephrology hemodialysis department for more than six months at Qalyub Hospital in Qalyub, Al Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt. A total of 114 adult participants of both genders from 30 up to 60 years were included in the study. A salivary pH and salivary flow rate were estimated. Results: Oral white lesions were found among 33 patients out of 114 with a prevalence of 28.9 % in the studied sample of ESRD patients. The most common oral white lesions were oral candidiasis (11.4%), Lichen planus or lichenoid reaction lesions (10.5%) and oral keratotic lesions (6.1%), while the least oral white lesions were Leukoplakia (2.6%) and uremic stomatitis (2.6%). Conclusion: An association between the prevalence of oral candidiasis and the following (salivary pH, salivary flow rate) was found. Also an association between uremic stomatitis and the higher blood urea and higher serum creatinine level was found in our studied sample of the patients with ESRD.