Prevalence of oral tori among medical and dental Students at the University of the West Indies

Arvind Babu Rajendra Santosh,J Suzanne Turpin Mair,Mark Edwards,Thaon Jones,Hima Venugopal,Keisha Smith,Errol Williams

doi:10.5195/d3000.2016.55

Arvind Babu Rajendra Santosh, J Suzanne Turpin Mair + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.5195/d3000.2016.55

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Journal: Dentistry 3000	Publication Date: Oct 3, 2016
Citations: 1	License type: cc-by

Affiliation: University of the West Indies System

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence and gender variation of torus palatinus (TP) and torus mandibularis (TM) amongst medical and dental students at the Mona campus of the University of the West Indies. Subjects and Methods: The study observed 335 medical and dental students from the Mona campus of the University of the West Indies. Routine dental examinations were conducted to check the presence/absence of TP and TM by inspection and palpation. Results: The overall prevalence of TP and TM was 27.76%. The oral torus prevalence was as follows, torus palatinus was 44.08%, torus mandibularis was 36.55% and individuals with both torus palatinus and mandibularis was 19.35%. The study observed that the prevalence of TP and TM in females was 16.11% (54/335), and males 11.64% (39/335). It was also found that bilateral torus mandibularis (40.38%) was more prevalent than unilateral right torus mandibularis (36.53%) and unilateral left torus mandibularis (23.07%). Conclusions: The prevalence of TP and TM are comparatively higher than neighboring Caribbean nations and West African countries. Our observations also highlighted that TP is highly prevalent among various types of oral tori. The study also recorded higher prevalence of oral tori among females. Due to higher prevalence of oral tori among the study group, Jamaican dentists need be knowledgeable about the high prevalence and clinical significance of TP and TM for dental treatment.

Highlights

Torus palatinus [torus pala2nus (TP)] and torus mandibularis [TM] are nor-‐ mal anatomical variants, which are categorized under developmental alterations of the jaw bone
Our observations recorded that overall prevalence of TP and TM was 27.76% (93 out of 335 study participants) and the most present study did not attempt to distinguish between ethnic varia-‐ tions as the previous study from Trinidad and Tobago did which, mentioned that oral tori did not show any ethnic difference
In this study oral tori was more prevalent in females (58.06%), and sub group analysis of torus type showed higher female prevalence of all torus common type of oral tori is TP 44.08%, and females (58.06%) were more commonly ob-‐ served with oral tori

Summary

Introduction

Torus palatinus [TP] and torus mandibularis [TM] are nor-‐ mal anatomical variants, which are categorized under developmental alterations of the jaw bone. TP and TM are slow growing osseous outgrowths (exophytic) in the mid-‐ line of the hard palate (torus palatinus) and in the lingual corti-‐ cal bones of mandible (torus man-‐ dibularis). It is a non-‐pathological condition and in most cases they remain asymptomatic [1]. TP and TM are clinically identified as a hard palpable bony mass localized in the mid-‐palatal region specifi-‐ cally posterior hard palate and/or lingual cortical bone of mandibular jaw [2]. TM can be either unilat-‐ eral or bilateral, where as TP are solitary and usually occurs over the posterior hard palate in the mid-‐palatal suture region [3]. TP and TM pre-‐ sent either a smooth bony projec-‐ tion or multi-‐nodular/lobular bony projections

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