Prevalence of Odontogenic Tumours in a Dental Hospital in Southern India

Abstract

Odontogenic Tumours (OTs) pose as a heterogenous group of lesions exhibiting diverse clinical behaviourand histopathological types which can range from hamartomatous lesions to malignancies. Although a largenumber of studies have been done to record the epidemiology of odontogenic tumours, there is a paucityof information where its prevalence is concerned in South Indian cities. Thus, the aim of our study is tohighlight the prevalence of various types of odontogenic tumours in a predominantly South Indian hospitalset up so as to improve clinical understanding and handling of patients with said tumours. A retrospectivecross-sectional study was conducted after reviewing and analysing the data from patient records over the lastfive years. Patients with histopathologically established odontogenic tumours were selected without any agerestriction. The data was collected and descriptive statistics were performed. The findings of our study hintedat a benign odontogenic prevalence with a male predilection (68.6%). The posterior region of the mandiblewas the most commonly involved site (60%) and ameloblastomas followed by odontomas and adenomatoidodontogenic tumours were the most prevalent odontogenic tumours in our hospital set up. An asymptomatictrend with multilocular radiolucencies was evidently observed. Through the results of our study, we hopeto elucidate the prevalence of odontogenic tumours in the South Indian population. In essence our findingssuggest a male predilection in the posterior region of the mandible and that Ameloblastomas and Odontomasare the most common odontogenic tumours. Due to the large number of asymptomatic presentations, properdiagnosis and management is key. Thus, further studies need to be done to overcome the limitations of ourstudy and to confirm our findings.