Prevalence of Odontogenic Cysts and Tumors – A Clinicopathological Study

Abstract

Background: The incidence and frequency of odontogenic cysts and tumors depends on the different geographic location. Odontogenic cysts and tumors are lesions that arise from the tooth apparatus or its remnants. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of odontogenic cysts and tumors over a period of 5 years 9 months and to compare our results with other published studies. Aim and Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of odontogenic cysts and tumors diagnosed at the Department of Oral Pathology, M.M. College of Dental Sciences & Research, Mullana (Ambala) and to compare the results with findings in the literature. Materials and Method: Data of odontogenic cysts and tumors diagnosed during 2014 to 2019 (till September) w4ere collected from the files of the Oral Pathology Department, M.M. College of Dental Sciences & Research, Mullana (Ambala). Results: Out of the total 71 cases of odontogenic cysts, most prevalent odontogenic cysts were found to be radicular cysts (n=42, %= 59.1%), followed by dentigerous cysts (n=17, %=23.9%) and odontogenic keratocyst (n=12, %=16.9%). Among the odontogenic tumors out of 49 cases reported, the most prevalent was ameloblastoma (n=28, %=57.1%) followed by, ameloblastic fibroma (n=06, %=12.2%), odontoma (n=05,%=10.2%), adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (n=03, %=6.1%), peripheral odontogenic fibroma (n=02, %=4.08%), ameloblastic carcinoma (n=02, %=4.08%), odontogenic fibroma (n=02, %=4.08%) and odontogenic myxofibroma (n=01, %=2.04%). The anterior and posterior portion of the body of mandible was the most common site for both odontogenic cysts and tumors. The age group for odontogenic cysts ranged from 07 to 72 years of age, whereas for the odontogenic cysts the range was 10 to 75 years of age. The male to female ratio for the odontogenic cysts was 1:1.2, whereas for the odontogenic tumors it was found to be having more female predilection with the ratio of 1:1.3. Conclusion: The prevalence of odontogenic cysts was similar to that reported in the literature, with incidence of radicular cysts seen most frequently. In case of odontogenic tumors the findings vary to the reported literature with ameloblastoma being more commonly reported.