Abstract
Background: Working in swine and poultry farms is described as a harmful job to the workers, because it has been shown that is capable of leading to occupational asthma and other allergic diseases. Objective: The main objective of this study is the epidemiological characterization of occupational allergic diseases in swine and poultry Portuguese farms. Methods: About 37 (46.3%) workers from 7 swine and 43 (53.7%) from 7 poultry farms participated in this study. The data was collected through a questionnaire the European Community Respiratory Health Survey under the form of interview. Results: The prevalence of asthma was 10%. About 50.0% of the asthmatics had occupational asthma and 37.5% had work-aggravated asthma. Among non-asthmatic workers, it was reported wheezing associated with dyspnea (5.6%), dyspnea after strenuous activity (11.1%) and persistent cough (23.6%). The prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 20%, of which 56.2% of the cases had the 1st crisis after the beginning of work on farms. Among workers without medical diagnosis of rhinitis, 21.9% reported the presence of sneezing, rhinorrhea or nasal congestion without being constipated. There were skin allergies in 31.2% of the farmers, of which 72% were work-related symptoms. Conclusions: Findings of this study suggest that these farms develop activities that promote contact with harmful agents with influence on workers' health and their workers completely devalue the disease symptoms they present.
Highlights
Working in animal production has been described as detrimental to the workers’ health, because it has been shown that is capable of leading to occupational asthma and other allergic diseases[1,2]
Occupational asthma may develop, when the specific occupational environment is responsible for the onset of the disease; or asthma can be aggravated at the workplace, when a pre-existing asthmatic condition is aggravated by occupational exposure[11]
This study demonstrates that there is a prevalence of 5% of occupational asthma in this population
Summary
Working in animal production has been described as detrimental to the workers’ health, because it has been shown that is capable of leading to occupational asthma and other allergic diseases[1,2]. Regarding some specific settings, such as poultry and swine farms, have not been reported a complete characterization of prevalence of occupational allergic diseases and work-related symptoms without diagnosis. This lack increases the devaluation of the health consequences of their work and can constitute a barrier for the implementation of preventive interventions. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways with recurrent episodes of wheezing, dyspnea, chest tightness and cough[10] It is associated with generalized and variable airway obstruction, which can be reversed spontaneously or through pharmacological therapy[10]. Conclusions: Findings of this study suggest that these farms develop activities that promote contact with harmful agents with influence on workers' health and their workers completely devalue the disease symptoms they present
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