Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Prospective Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in North India

Abstract

To find the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in patient of metabolic syndrome (MS). This is a prospective study conducted in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine at IGMC, Shimla. Total 54 patients (32 males and 22 females) with MS who fulfilled inclusion criteria were enrolled for the study over a period of 1 year. The patients who had symptoms of OSA were subjected to overnight polysomnography. In this study, total prevalence of OSA was 90.74%. Male and female prevalence were 93.75% and 86.36%, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was 59.25% and 24.49% of the patients were diabetic. An increased neck circumference (corrected for height) has been suggested as a better sign of obstructive sleep apnoea than other clinical indices. We compared male patient of non-OSA with severe OSA and found significant difference in high-density lipoprotein and triglyceride level. All patients of metabolic syndrome should be screened for OSA because of sheer high prevalence of this disease. Whether the treatment of OSA can have positive impact on MS patients needs to be further studied in Indian settings.