Abstract
IntroductionAntiretroviral therapy (ART) has changed the course of HIV/AIDs by enabling patients to live longer, raising concern of the co- existence of HIV with other chronic illnesses, notably non-communicable diseases (NCDs). NCDs are on the rise in developing countries and evidence shows higher occurrence among people living with HIV (PLHIV). In Uganda, the burden of NCDs among PLHIV remains largely unquantified.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of hypertension, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, renal impairment, asthma, cardiomyopathy and multi-morbidity among HIV positive patients, receiving Anti-Retroviral Therapy at Joint Clinical Research Centre, Lubowa, Uganda.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted among 387 systematically sampled patients, receiving ART at the Joint Clinical Research Centre, Lubowa, between March and April 2017. The study used data extracted from routine care patient files to identify individuals with non-communicable diseases. Prevalence of the NCDs was estimated and reported with 95% confidence intervals. Prevalence was also reported at various levels of socio- demographic, behavioural and clinical factors.ResultsThe overall prevalence of having at least one NCD was 20.7% (95% CI: 16.7–24.5). The prevalence of hypertension was 12.4% (95% CI: 9.1–15.7), osteoporosis 6.5% (95% CI: 4.0–8.9), diabetes mellitus 4.7% (95% CI: 2.6–6.8), renal impairment 1.6% (95% CI: 0.3–2.8), asthma 1.6% (95% CI: 0.3–2.8), and cardiomyopathy 1.3% (95% CI: 0.2–2.4). Prevalence of multi-morbidity was 4.7% (95% CI: 2.6–6.8). Prevalence was significantly higher among older participants, widowed participants and individuals with an opportunistic infection.ConclusionNon-communicable diseases are common among people living with HIV. There is need to encourage early diagnosis and treatment of non-communicable diseases in PLHIV in Uganda.
Highlights
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has changed the course of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/AIDs by enabling patients to live longer, raising concern of the co- existence of HIV with other chronic illnesses, notably noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)
The overall prevalence of having at least one NCD was 20.7%
The prevalence of hypertension was 12.4%, osteoporosis 6.5%, diabetes mellitus 4.7%, renal impairment 1.6%, asthma 1.6%, and cardiomyopathy 1.3%
Summary
This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 387 systematically sampled patients, receiving ART at the Joint Clinical Research Centre, Lubowa, between March and April 2017. Prevalence was reported at various levels of sociodemographic, behavioural and clinical factors This was cross-sectional study conducted between March and April 2017. It was part of a larger study that was investigating the association between NCDs and quality of life (measured by the WHO Quality of life Bref), in addition to identifying challenges faced in accessing health care for NCDs. Study site. The study was carried out at the outpatient department, Joint Clinical Research Centre (JCRC), located at Plot 101, Lubowa Estates, off Entebbe road, Kampala, Uganda. Patients report every 3 months for antiretroviral therapy treatment refill They come from areas around Lubowa, including Kampala, Wakiso, Entebbe. The patients who attend the facility are of different social economic statuses
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