Abstract
The study aimed to assess the prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections and identify demographic, behavioral and clinical factors correlated with such infections in men attending six sexually transmitted disease clinics in Brazil. Multicentric, cross-sectional study performed among men attending STD clinics in Brazil. The study included STD clinics in six cities distributed throughout the five geographic regions of Brazil in 2005. Patients provided 20 ml of first catch urine for testing for NG and CT by DNA-PCR. A total of 767 (92.9%) men were included in the study. The mean age was 26.5 (SD 8.3) years-old. Prevalence of Chlamydia infection was 13.1% (95%CI 10.7%-15.5%) and gonorrhea was 18.4% (95%CI 15.7%-21.1%). Coinfection prevalence was 4.4% (95%CI 2.95%-5.85%) in men who sought attendance in STI clinics. Factors identified as associated with C. trachomatis were younger age (15-24) [OR=1.4 (95%CI 1.01-1.91)], present urethral discharge [OR=4.8 (95%CI 1.52-15.05)], genital warts [OR=3.0 (95%CI 1.49-5.92)] and previous history of urethral discharge [OR=2.4 (95%CI 1.11-5.18)]. Variables associated with gonorrhea were younger age (15 to 24) [OR=1.5 (95%CI 1.09-2.05)], presence of urethral discharge [OR=9.9 (95%CI 5.53-17.79)], genital warts [OR=18.3 (95%CI 8.03-41.60)] and ulcer present upon clinical examination [OR=4.9 (95%CI 1.06-22.73)]. These findings have important implications for education and prevention actions directed toward men at risk of HIV/STD. A venue-based approach to offer routine screening for young men in STD clinics should be stimulated.
Highlights
The study aimed to assess the prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections and identify demographic, behavioral and clinical factors correlated with such infections in men attending six sexually transmitted disease clinics in Brazil
The prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis infection and the coinfection rate were assessed and correlated demographic, behavioral and clinical factors were identified in an at-risk population during a multicentric study among men attending Sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics in six cities in Brazil distributed among the five geographical regions
This study sought to investigate the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections and assess associated risk exposures in men attending STD clinics in Brazil
Summary
The importance of understanding and addressing Chlamydia trachomatis (CT)infections and gonorrhea among men is being recognized in several studies[1,2]. The role of identifying and treating male infections in preventing adverse outcomes among women has prompted some researchers to call for Chlamydia trachomatis and gonorrhea screening guidelines directed at detecting male infections[3,4]. Transmitted disease (STD) Treatment Guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend empirical treatment for C. trachomatis when treating a diagnosed gonococcal infection, because Chlamydia coinfection is frequent among individuals diagnosed with gonorrhea[4]. The prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis infection and the coinfection rate were assessed and correlated demographic, behavioral and clinical factors were identified in an at-risk population during a multicentric study among men attending STD clinics in six cities in Brazil distributed among the five geographical regions. The information will be used for planning prevention and assistance programs to reach this population
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