Abstract
During the period from February 2009 to September 2010, a mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) survey was conducted in Jazan province the southwestern Region of Saudi Arabia,. A total of 29414 larval and 484 adult mosquitoes were collected from 41 sites, resembling 10 governorates. The collected mosquitoes related to 7 genera and 16 species. The genera were Aedes (A.) (1 species),Stegomyia (St.) (1 species), Aedimorphus (Am.) (1 species), Anopheles (An.) (4 species), Lutzia (L.) (1 species), Culex (Cx.) (7 species), and Culliseta (Cs.) (1species) and the mosquitoes species encountered were A. caspius Pallas, St. aegypti Linnaeus, Am. vexans arabiensis Patton, An. d'thali Patton, An. pretoriensis Theobald, An. Arabiensis Patton, An. turkhudi Liston, L. (Metalutzia) tigripes de Grandpre & de Charmoy, Cx. sitiens Wiedmann, Cx. decens Theobald, Cx. bitaeniorhynchus Giles, Cx. pipiens Linnaeus, Cx. quinquefasciatus Say, Cx. sinaiticus Kirkpatrick, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus Giles, and Cs. longiareolata Macquart. Cx. pipiens is the most prevalent species in Jazan region. It was encountered in 90 % of total collection sites. Cx. tritaeniorhynchus is less prevalent encountering in 80 % of total collection sites but An. Arabinesis was encountered in 70 % of total collection sites. St. aegypti, L. (Metalutzia) tigripes and Cx. sitiens were encountered in 50% of total collection sites. Cx. quinquefascitus, Am. vexans and Cs. longiareolata were encountered in 40 %, 30% and 20% of total collection, sites respectively. An. pretariensis, An. d'thuli, An. turkdi, Cx. decens, A. caspius and Cx. bitaeniorhynchus were the least prevalent mosquitoes in Jazan region encountered in only 10% of total collection sites. Am. vexans was the most abundant 57 % (17121), Culicine spp. 38.2 % (11416) , Anopheline spp. 1.5 % (433), St. aegypti 3 % (749) and each of Aedine, Lutzia and Culleseta were encountered less than 1%.
Highlights
In 2009 AL-Ghamdi and Al-Qahtani studied the mosquitoes of Jeddah city showing that the genus of Culex mosquitoes were the dominant form has a very high proportion of presence as represented by 99.95% followed by the second genus Aedes by 0.0315% and genus Anopheles and Ochlerotatus the same relative density by 0.0066% and the recorded species were A. caspius, A. aegypti, Cx. pipiens, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. perexiguus, Cx. torrentium, An. subpictus, An. stephensi, An. rohdesiensis, An. culicifacies, An. thurkhudi, An. pharoensis, An. gambiae, An. multicolor, An. fluviatilis, An. d'thali, and An
Sixteen species were concluded as the following A. caspius Pallas, St. aegypti Linnaeus, Am. vexans arabiensis Patton, An. d'thali Patton, An
Sixteen species were concluded as the following A. caspius Pallas, St. aegypti Linnaeus, Am. vexans arabiensis Patton, An. d'thali Patton, An. pretoriensis Theobald, An. arabiensis Patton, An. turkhudi Liston, L. (Metalutzia) tigripes de Grandpre & de Charmoy, Cx. sitiens Wiedmann, Cx. decens Theobald, Cx. bitaeniorhynchus Giles, Cx. pipiens Linnaeus, Cx. quinquefasciatus Say, Cx. sinaiticus Kirkpatrick, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus Giles, and Cs. longiareolata Macquart
Summary
Mosquitoes are notoriously undesirable arthropods and are well–known vector– borne diseases (e.g. Dengue, Filaria, Malaria and Rift Valley fever): In Saudi Arabia, the most common mosquito-borne diseases include dengue (Fakeeh and Zaki 2001, 2003; Ayyub et al, 2006; Khan et al, 2008), filarial (Hawking 1973), malaria (Warrel 1993; Abdoon and Alsharani 2003), and Rift valley fever (Jupp et al, 2002; Miller et al, 2002; Al- Hazmi et al, 2003; Balkhy and Memish 2003; Madani et al, 2003): Recently, 76 people have died from an outbreak of Rift Valley fever and 408 people had contracted the disease (Ahmad 2000). In 2009 AL-Ghamdi and Al-Qahtani studied the mosquitoes of Jeddah city showing that the genus of Culex mosquitoes were the dominant form has a very high proportion of presence as represented by 99.95% followed by the second genus Aedes by 0.0315% and genus Anopheles and Ochlerotatus the same relative density by 0.0066% and the recorded species were A. caspius, A. aegypti, Cx. pipiens, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. perexiguus, Cx. torrentium, An. subpictus, An. stephensi, An. rohdesiensis, An. culicifacies, An. thurkhudi, An. pharoensis, An. gambiae, An. multicolor, An. fluviatilis, An. d'thali, and An. Sergenti in the Eastern region, Ahsaa, El Dammam and Hafr El Batin, of Saudi Arabia, A. caspius, An. cinereus, An. coustani, An.d’thali, An. fluviatilis, An. gambiae, An. multicolor, An. pretoriensis, An. rhodesiensis, An. sergentii, An. stephensi, An. Subpictus, An. superpictus, An. tenebrosus, Cx. laticinctus, Cx. perexiguus, Cx. pipiens, Cx. pusillus, Cx.quinquefasciatus, Cx. simpsoni, Cx. torrentium, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. univittatus, Cs.longiareolata and Uranotaenia unguiculata, were recorded by Alahmed (2010) who reprted that Culex spp. were the most abundant (66.41%), followed by A. caspius(17.64%), Anopheles spp. They reported Ae. caspius was the most abundant mosquito followed by Cx. pipiens
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