Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and the characteristics of Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) in 7-12-year-old children in Tunis, Tunisia. Material and Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional study, in which school children aged 7 to 12 years were included. A total of 510 children (257 girls and 253 boys) who had their first permanent molar and incisors were evaluated using the 2003 European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) recommendation criteria were examined. Descriptive data analysis and Pearson’s chi-squared test were performed (p<0.05). Results: A total of 510 children were included in the study. MIH was present in 35.4 % of our study population. Boys exhibited slightly higher MIH (19,4%) and Post Eruptive Breakdown (PEB) (7,3%) prevalence compared to girls, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.07). Moreover, demarcated opacities were more prevalent than PEB. More precisely, the main prevalence without PEB was MIH with white/creamy demarcated opacities, which was more frequent than yellow/brown demarcated opacities (p<0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of MIH in Tunis was 35.4%, with no difference between girls and boys. The main MIH type prevalence was white/creamy demarcated opacities without PEB.
Highlights
Different diagnostic terms such as ‘cheese molars’, ‘non-fluoride enamel opacities’, ‘idiopathic enamel opacities’, and ‘opaque spots’ have been used to define developmental enamel defects, according to a clinical characterization of enamel or their etiological factors [1,2].In 2003, the term Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) was introduced by Weerheijm et al to describe white or yellow-brown demarcated opacities on first permanent molars, frequently associated with affected permanent incisors [3]
MIH is a particular form of developmental enamel defect affecting the first permanent molars, associated or not to permanent incisors, and is the consequence of a disorder that occurs during pregnancy, at birth and in the first months of life
With or without involvement of the incisors, was slightly more prevalent in boys compared to girls, but this difference was statistically non-significant (p>0.05)
Summary
Different diagnostic terms such as ‘cheese molars’, ‘non-fluoride enamel opacities’, ‘idiopathic enamel opacities’, and ‘opaque spots’ have been used to define developmental enamel defects, according to a clinical characterization of enamel or their etiological factors [1,2]. MIH is a particular form of developmental enamel defect affecting the first permanent molars, associated or not to permanent incisors, and is the consequence of a disorder that occurs during pregnancy, at birth and in the first months of life This causes damage to the enamel of developing teeth during this period [4]. The MIH lesion's severity may vary from white to yellow/ brownish demarcated opacities to structural loss under masticatory forces [8] This Post Eruptive Breakdown (PEB) exposes the dentin, which can be extremely sensitive, making children unable to effectively carry out their oral hygiene and make their teeth more vulnerable to rapidly progressing caries [9]. This study aimed to determine, for the first time, the prevalence and characteristics of MIH in 7- 12- year- old children in Tunis, Tunisia
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