Prevalence of microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus in tertiary care hospital

Abstract

The major cause of mortality and morbidity in the present generation is diabetes mellitus. The high prevalence of microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus occurs due to the untreated long duration of hyperglycemia. The main aim of the study is assessing the prevalence of microvascular complications of patients who are diagnosed with diabetes mellitus in public tertiary care hospitals. A retro-prospective observational study was conducted in the outpatient department of medicine at a tertiary care hospital. We took the samples of a total of 300 consecutive patients who are diagnosed with diabetes mellitus with microvascular complications were included in the study. To diagnose microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus clinical parameters, patient past and present history and other related investigations were included. A total of 300 patients in this study, 160 are males and 140 are females. The age range was 30-80 years, with a mean age of 49.43±13.45 years. 31% of patients are diagnosed with neuropathy, 35% of patients are diagnosed with retinopathy and 34% of patients are diagnosed with nephropathy. 68.6% of patients are affected with microalbuminuria, whereas 31.3% of patients are affected with macroalbuminuria. [HbA1C] levels are divided into two groups on the basis of glycated hemoglobin levels in subjects. The patients with HbA1C >7.5% are found to 61% and 39% are found to be in the range of HbA1C 6.5-7.5%. By comparing both patients with HbA1C>7.5% are more prone to microvascular complications than that of HbA1C 6.5-7.5%. The 23% subjects had normal BMI [18.5-24.99kg/m2, 55% subjects were over-weight [25-29.99kg/m2 and 21.3% subjects were obese [>30kg/m2]. Early detection and identification of DM may reduce the risk of getting complications. To prevent or retard further progression of these complications, we should control blood sugar levels.