Abstract
In developing countries, increasing urbanization and lifestyle changes are helping to increase the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among the population through the development of cardiometabolic diseases. The objective was to determine the metabolic syndrome prevalence of men aged from 30 to 60 years. A total of 254 male, initially in apparent good health who consented freely were divided into three age groups: 30-40, 41-50 and 51-60 years. They were randomly selected in 5 urban areas and 5 rural areas. After obtaining ethical clearance, patterns of diet and physical activity, data on socio-demographic conditions, alcoholism and smoking were identified by a questionnaire in a survey. Nurses measured anthropometric parameters, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose. Transaminases, uric acid, creatinine and lipids were assayed. The data collected was submitted to the EPI-InfoTM software version 7.1.5.0. The metabolic syndrome prevalence was 38.98% in the Dschang Health District and we found 31.97% and 48.6% in the rural and urban areas respectively. This prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the participants in this study showed a close association with the lifestyle, as in the drinkers with a prevalence of 71.53% and 41.67% among smokers. Only 19.3% of the university with the metabolic syndrome were identified, while those with high salt consumption had a prevalence of 34.93%. A significant number of participants had metabolic syndrome in the Dschang Health District. This high prevalence might be related to tobacco consumption, alcoholism, reduced physical activity, low educational level and poor diet.
Highlights
The Metabolic Syndrome, as indicated by its name is not a specific disease but a syndrome
Participants of all ages in both areas were well informed about the occurrence of stroke and heart attacks in their environment (95.33% in rural area at P=0.584 of Table 1 and 98.64% in the urban area at P=0.267 of Table 2)
This study of two populations living in rural and urban areas showed that the level of education, occupation and even marital status have an influence on diet, physical activity, alcoholism, smoking and on the occurrence of cardiometabolic diseases in the Dschang Health District
Summary
The Metabolic Syndrome, as indicated by its name is not a specific disease but a syndrome. The result is an increase of stroke (24% deaths per year), myocardial infarction (18% deaths per year), World Journal of Nutrition and Health diabetes (10% of deaths per year) and hypertension affecting 35% of the adult population [16] It is at the average age of 30 that young people gain employment in Cameroon and retire at around 60 years old. The originality of this research is based on the determination of the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in male adults of Dschang Health District (DHD)-Cameroon It is characterized by an unhealthy diet in the same environment, the same society, the same family, and even in the same person depending on several factors such as culture, traditions or the socioeconomic and intellectual level [17]
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