Abstract
Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalencia de traumatismos buco-dentarios (TBD’s) durante as praticas desportivas e comparar o nivel de conhecimento e uso de protetores bucais (PB’s) por atletas estudantes da rede escolar publica e privada da cidade de Sao Luis, MA, no nordeste do Brasil. Metodo: Estudo observacional do tipo transversal, no qual uma populacao-alvo constituida por 416 atletas de competicao, com idade entre 10 a 20 anos, de ambos os generos, praticantes de basquetebol (n=100), handebol (n=60), futebol (n=96), judo (n=11), karate (n=22) e voleibol (n=127) foram entrevistados por um unico examinador. Empregou-se um questionario estruturado contendo seis perguntas objetivas sobre historia pregressa de TBD’s, conhecimento e uso de PB’s. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a analise estatistica empregando-se o teste 2 (α=0,05). Resultados: Foi observada prevalencia de TBD’s em 26% da populacao. O conhecimento dos PB’s como metodo de prevencao de traumatismos durante as praticas de esporte foi significativo (p<0,05), entretanto o percentual de uso pelos atletas entrevistados foi minimo. Foi evidenciada diferenca do uso de PB’s entre os atletas das escolas publicas e privadas (p<0,05). Conclusao: Concluiu-se que mais de um quarto da populacao foi acometida por algum tipo de TBD’s, evidenciando a dicotomia entre o conhecimento dos PB’s como metodo de prevencao dos TBD’s pelos atletas entrevistados e o nao-uso deste item de protecao durante as praticas desportivas.
Highlights
There is strong evidence of the reduced incidence of dental caries in children and adolescents as a result of the implementation of policies to prevent this disease in developed and developing countries [1]
Ten schools registered in the School Games of Maranhão (SGM), annual competition of direct contact sports, were selected: five of which were from public schools, representing all of the state schools enrolled in the SGM and 5 from private schools, randomly selected by simple random draw
The study population consisted of athletes aged 10 to 20 years of both genders practicing competitive sports and regularly enrolled in public (n = 164) or private schools (n=252), totaling 416 athletes distributed into the following modalities: basketball (n=100), handball (n=60), soccer (n=96), judo (n=11), karate (n=22) and volleyball (n=127)
Summary
There is strong evidence of the reduced incidence of dental caries in children and adolescents as a result of the implementation of policies to prevent this disease in developed and developing countries [1]. For this reason, the interest in studies on other oral health conditions has emerged, including maxillofacial trauma (MT) [2]. Some epidemiological studies have pointed out sport practice as a major cause of MTs, ranging from 14% to 39% [5,6,7,8,9]. According to the National Sports Safety Foundation (NYSSF), an American research organization dedicated to the study and prevention of sports injuries, athletes who practice sports involving physical contact have up to 10% probability of suffering some kind of injury during competitions and 33% to 56% chance of occurring during training throughout their professional career [11]
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