Abstract
Background To assess the prevalence and factors associated with malocclusions in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods The study included 134 subjects with CP aged 2–18 years enrolled in six rehabilitation institutions and their caregivers, which provided demographic, systemic, and behavioral data. A calibrated researcher held oral examinations with record of the following malocclusion indexes, DAI and DMFT. Poisson regression analysis was used (α < 0.05). Results About 85.8% (n = 115) of patients had malocclusion. In deciduous and mixed dentition (n = 99), increased overjet (75.8%), open bite (51.5%), posterior cross bite (19.2%), and anterior cross bite (3.0%) were identified. Increased overjet was associated with the age group of 2–5 years and mild communication impairment. Anterior open bite was more common in children who underwent tongue interposition, lip interposition, and pacifier sucking. Communication skills, mouth breathing, and tongue interposition were associated with posterior cross bite. Severe malocclusions (DAI > 30) were observed in 88.6% of patients with permanent dentition (n = 35) and were associated with liquid diet consistency and finger sucking. Conclusion The prevalence of malocclusion in individuals with CP was high and associated with demographic, behavioral, and systemic factors.
Highlights
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a clinical condition with global prevalence of 2.1 per 1,000 live births [1, 2], defined as a group of developmental disorders of movement and posture of nonprogressive order, whose etiology involves brain injury that occurs during fetal development or in the infant’s brain and may involve various areas of the brain, determining different clinical conditions [3,4,5]
The presence of malocclusions has caused a negative impact on the quality of life of affected individuals and their families [20]. us, in order to serve as a diagnostic for the planning of health promotion actions aimed at cerebral palsy (CP) patients, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion in Brazilian children and adolescents with CP and its associated factors
The prevalence of anterior open bite in deciduous and mixed dentition was 51.5%, and its presence was associated with tongue interposition, lip interposition, and pacifier sucking up to the first 24 months of age or older
Summary
Prevalence of Malocclusions and Associated Factors in Brazilian Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy: A Multi-Institutional Study. Andreia Medeiros Rodrigues Cardoso, Clara Regina Duarte Silva, Lays Nobrega Gomes, Mariana Marinho Davino de Medeiros, Wilton Wilney Nascimento Padilha, Alidianne Fabia Cabral Cavalcanti, and Alessandro Leite Cavalcanti 1. Received 12 May 2020; Revised 17 August 2020; Accepted 23 August 2020; Published 29 August 2020
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