Prevalence of Male Factor Infertility in Last Ten Years at a Rural Tertiary Care Centre of Central India: A Retrospective Analysis

Abstract

Background: Male infertility accounts for 40-50% of infertility, affects 7% of all men. It is commonly due to deficiencies in semen, and semen quality is used as measure of male fecundity. Objective: To retrospectively study profile of male factor infertility, especially abnormal semen parameters in rural area of Central India over a period of 10 years and to find out prevalence of various abnormalities of sperm and sperm counts and also to know yearly variation in prevalence of such abnormalities. Material and Methods: A Retrospective analysis of 10 years was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology Unit of Department of Physiology of a rural tertiary care centre of Central India from January 2005 to December 2014. The case records of total of 3084 male partners of infertile couples consulting the Gynecology Out Patient Department were collected from the Reproductive Biology Unit of Department of Physiology. On the basis of semen analysis report the cases were categorized into four groups; Normozoospermia, Oligozoospermia, Azoospermia and Asthenoteratozoospermia. The results were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Out of total 3084 semen analysis reports of infertile couples, Normozoospermia was observed in 1104 (35.80%), Oligozoospermia in 1053 (34.14%), Asthenoteratozoospermia in 597 (19.35%) and Azoospermia in 330 (10.70%). Conclusion: Semen analysis is cornerstone for evaluation of infertility in men. It gives an idea about abnormalities of sperm and sperm count. Present study revealed no significant rise in prevalence of male infertility over last 10 years in this region of India. Key words: Fertility; Infertility; Normozoospermia; Semen analysis, Sperm.