Prevalence of Lipodystrophy and Metabolic Syndrome at the Bertoua Day Hospital (East Region of Cameroon)

Abstract

This cross sectional study carried out on a cohort of HIV infected patients followed at the Bertoua Day Hospital aimed at assessing interventions used in the biomedical management of lipodystrophy and metabolic syndrome related to Antiretroviral therapy through the determination of their prevalence within this hospital Patients had a minimum age of years old a minimum duration of years antiretroviral therapy and all had given their informed consent to participate in the study The mean duration of treatment for HIV patients with lipodystrophy cases was plusmn months ranged from to months and that for patients with metabolic syndrome cases was plusmn months ranged from to months P value Lipodystrophy was observed with all the therapeutic protocols prescribed to HIV infected patients in our study site Lipodystrophy cases seen among HIV infected patients using the d T in their therapeutic protocol accounted for while those seen among HIV infected patients using the AZT in their therapeutic protocol accounted for P lt Among HIV infected patients using the NVP in their therapeutic protocol we found of lipodystrophy cases versus of lipodystrophy cases among HIV infected patients using the EFV in their therapeutic protocol P value Lipodystrophy cases related to the use of protease inhibitors in the therapeutic protocol accounted for The prevalence of metabolic syndrome cases was greatest among HIV infected patients using protease inhibitors boosted by the ritonavir in their therapeutic protocol with of cases P value The prevalence of metabolic syndrome cases determined in this study using the definition of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III NCEP ATP III was and that of lipodystrophy cases was with for lipoatrophy cases for lipohypertrophy cases and for mixed syndrome cases P value We also found for lipodystrophy cases strongly associated with the metabolic syndrome among our HIV infected patients under HAART with an Odds Ratio of which was statistically significant with a confidence interval CI between and to P value In other words these HIV infected patients were times more likely to have a metabolic syndrome in the presence of lipodystrophy than in its absence