Abstract
ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis in patients with hematological neoplasms at the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología in Mexico City using the Tuberculin skin test (TST).MethodsThis retrospective study included all patients with a recent diagnosis of hematological neoplasms who were admitted for treatment from 2017 to 2018 and who were screened for latent tuberculosis with the TST. The prevalence of latent tuberculosis in this group, tolerance and therapeutic adherence in treated patients are described.ResultsThe files of 446 patients with hematological malignancy who had a TST were reviewed. The prevalence of latent tuberculosis was 31.2% (n = 139). Ninety-three patients received isoniazid, 15.1% had some adverse reactions, but only 4 (4.3%) had to discontinue treatment. Two patients with latent tuberculosis under treatment with Isoniazid reactivated tuberculosis infection.ConclusionsThe prevalence in our study was within the range of other similar Mexican populations. Isoniazid treatment had an adequate tolerance and adherence. Longer follow-up could offer more information on the risk of reactivation in both groups.
Highlights
Tuberculosis has a major impact on the burden of disease globally
It has been recommended to screen for latent tuberculosis (LTBI) in immunosuppressed patients and to assess treatment in Osorio-López et al BMC Infectious Diseases (2021) 21:510 those who test positive, to reduce the probability of reactivation of tuberculosis [1, 5, 11, 12]
All patients attend with a chest x-ray image that is performed as part of their hematologic approach, a positron emission tomography (PET) scan or a full-body computed tomography scan
Summary
Tuberculosis has a major impact on the burden of disease globally. Approximately a quarter of the world’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis [1, 2] and its distribution is mainly in low- and middleincome countries, such as Mexico [3]. A patient with LTBI has a 10% risk of reactivation of tuberculosis, and half of these reactivations occur in the first 2 years of infection [5, 9] In immunosuppressed patients this risk increases [9, 10], mainly in those with hematological neoplasms. For this reason, it has been recommended to screen for LTBI in immunosuppressed patients and to assess treatment in Osorio-López et al BMC Infectious Diseases (2021) 21:510 those who test positive, to reduce the probability of reactivation of tuberculosis [1, 5, 11, 12]
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