Abstract
Introduction: Hypodontia or tooth agenesis is the most common developmental anomaly in craniofacial region. The multitude of problems in patients with hypodontia includes aesthetic, periodontal damage, malocclusion, inarticulate speech and alveolar bone deficiency. This commonly encountered condition in orthodontic department has variable site of occurrence, sometimes associated with syndromes. Objective: To know the patterns and types of hypodontia in orthodontic patients attending orthodontic department at Nobel Medical College, Biratnagar. Methodology: Cross sectional study of 260 orthodontic patients’ pre-treatment records i.e., casts, orthopantomogram, lateral cephalometric radiographs and photographs were taken as study materials. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data and chi square test was used to find the level of significance among genders. Results: Congenital absence of one or more teeth was observed in 28 out of 260 patients, with a frequency of 10.8%. Among the hypodontia patients, 11 (4.23%) were males and 17 (6.54%) were females. Of all 69 missing teeth, the most (68%) was observed in class I group, and the least amount belonged to class III group (10%). Conclusions: The higher prevalence of hypodontia in Orthodontic patients in this region warrants careful inspection and investigation before embarking on the diagnosis and treatment planning.
Highlights
Hypodon a is the absence of one to six teeth excluding third molars.1,2Hypodon a or tooth agenesis is the most common developmental anomaly in craniofacial region.[3]
This proposed study was approved by the ethical commi ee of Nobel Medical College and the study dura on was from March 2021 to August 2021 at department of Orthodon cs, Nobel Medical College
Hypodon a was found in 10.8% of our study pa ents which was higher than study by Gupta et al (7.48%) in the orthodon c pa ents in Kathmandu.17Different ethnicity or geographic difference in the study could affect the result
Summary
Hypodon a is the absence of one to six teeth excluding third molars.1,2Hypodon a or tooth agenesis is the most common developmental anomaly in craniofacial region.[3]. Absence of more than six teeth excluding third molars is known as oligodon a.4,5. The complete failure of den on to develop is called anodon a.6Any tooth can be missing congenitally but there is a tendency for certain teeth to be missing more frequently than others. Graber has reported that overall frequency of missing teeth except third molars to be ranging from 1.6% to 9.6% in various series of studies in different countries.[7]. Hypodon a may be associated with a recognized gene c syndrome or can occur as a nonsyndromic isolated trait.[8-11]. In some instances familial tendency of congenitally missing single tooth has been reported, e ology has been unknown.[7]
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