Abstract
Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is a neuropathological finding that frequently occurs with pathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Prevalence estimates of HS in autopsy-confirmed dementia samples have varied between 0.4% and 24.5%. However, the prevalence of HS within other pathologic groups has not been well characterized. Utilizing a sample of 910 prospectively followed and clinicopathologically confirmed dementia cases, we determined the prevalence of HS among the sample and within specific pathologic groups. HS prevalence of the sample was compared to reported HS prevalence rates in other autopsy-confirmed dementia samples. The age range of the sample was 43 to 106 years, with a mean of 81.49±8.45. Of the 910 cases, 505 were male and 405 were female. For the entire sample, the average educational level was 14.59±2.65years. Of the 910 individuals, 47 (5.16%) cases had HS pathology present at autopsy. Among the 561 AD cases, 26 (4.43%) had HS pathology present. The frontotemporal dementia (FTD)/Pick's group had the highest percentage of cases with HS pathology (23.08%) followed by primary progressive aphasia (PPA) (16.67%) and Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) (5.34%). The HS prevalence rate of this study was not significantly different from all but 2 studies. The prevalence of HS pathology in this sample of autopsy-confirmed dementia cases was similar to other reported HS prevalence rates. This study is the first to report the presence of HS pathology in PDD cases.
Highlights
Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is a pathological finding of loss of neurons and subsequent gliosis in the CA1 section of the hippocampus and the adjacent subiculum [3]
This study is the first to report the presence of HS pathology in Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) cases
Our aim was to determine the prevalence of HS pathology in a large, autopsy-confirmed dementia sample and to determine the prevalence of HS pathology within several different clinicopathologic groups
Summary
Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is a pathological finding of loss of neurons and subsequent gliosis in the CA1 section of the hippocampus and the adjacent subiculum [3]. Others have reported that HS may occur without the presence of other neuropathologies [9, 18, 28]. HS pathology is associated with TARDNA (TDP-43) binding, the physiologic mechanism behind this association has not been determined [25]. TDP-43 binding has been observed in other pathologic groups [2, 13], so its presence is not specific to HS. Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is a neuropathological finding that frequently occurs with pathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The prevalence of HS within other pathologic groups has not been well characterized
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