Abstract
The frequency of hepatitis B virus in patients with CKD undergoing haemodialysis maintenance has a medical importance in the transmission of the infection and the cause of kidney disease. We aimed to determine sero-prevalence of HBV in patients with chronic kidney disease. A total of 110 blood samples were collected from nephrology Department of Jos University Teaching Hospital and screened for HBsAg marker. HBsAg was detected using rapid chromatographic immunoassays for qualitative detection of HBsAg and was performed using one-step test strips for detection of HBsAg in serum sample. Out of the 110 patients selected, 56 were males and 54 females with an overall 15.5% HBsAg positivity. It was observed that HBsAg positive increases with prolonged duration of haemodialysis maintenance. The prevalence of HBsAg among Chronic Kidney Disease patients is high, however there was no significant association between HBV and chronic kidney disease in this cross-Sectional survey.
Highlights
It is estimated that more than 350 million people have chronic hepatitis B virus infection, with approximately 1 million dead each year due to liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma [1]
Hepatitis B virus is an important cause of hepatitis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who are on regular hemodialysis as well as in renal transplant recipients [2]
Patients suffering from chronic kidney disease, acute renal failure, chronic renal failure and other end stage renal diseases are those who have complete or insufficient kidney functions to remove waste products from blood
Summary
It is estimated that more than 350 million people have chronic hepatitis B virus infection, with approximately 1 million dead each year due to liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma [1]. Hepatitis B virus is an important cause of hepatitis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who are on regular hemodialysis as well as in renal transplant recipients [2]. Patients undergoing hemodialysis maintenance with end stage renal disease (ESRD) are at high risk of hepatitis B infection [3]. Despite advances in controlling the transmission of HBV infection in dialysis units in the management of patients with end-stage renal disease [4], HBV outbreaks continue to be reported, even in the developed world [5]. Hemodialysis patients are immunosuppressed [9], that increases their susceptibility to infection requiring frequent hospitalization and surgery, Jude Yunzoom Nkup et al.: Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among Patients with Chronic
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