Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in blood donor population in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Impact of the pre-donation questionnaire implementation and mandatory hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination schedule-20 years' experience of the University Clinical Hospital Mostar.

Abstract

Currently, there are limited data on the prevalence of HBsAg in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This study aimed to evaluate the trend of HBsAg prevalence during a period of 20 years in relation to the implementation of pre-donation questionnaires based on parenteral and sexual risk factors and mandatory HBV vaccination. This is a retrospective analysis performed on 67,336 blood donors at the University Clinical Hospital Mostar during three distinct periods: before introducing of mandatory HBV vaccination and pre-donation blood donor questionnaires (1998-2002); after introducing of pre-donation blood donor questionnaires, but without mandatory immunized blood donors (2004-2008); and after introducing of mandatory pre-donation blood donor questionnaires and mandatory vaccination (2015-2019). According to implementation of mandatory pre-donation blood donor questionnaires and mandatory HBV vaccination the prevalence of HBsAg significantly decreased among blood donors in all three studied periods of time (0.303% in 1998-2002, 0.236% in 2004-2008, and 0.021% in 2015-2019; P<0.001). Out of 67,336 tested donors, there were 98 (0.145%) HBsAg-positive donors during analysed periods, with a mean age of 34.76±11.37 years. The mean age of HBsAg-positive donors was 30.72±10.40, 37.56±10.13, and 47.28±12.14) in the 1998-2002, 2004-2008, and 2015-2019 periods, respectively (P<0.001). This study clearly shows a decreased rate of HBV infections among blood donors with respect to implementation of the HBV vaccination schedule and mandatory pre-donation blood donor questionnaires based on parenteral and sexual risk factors.