Abstract
BackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infections among HIV-1 infected individuals are growing worldwide health problems characterized by lack of effective vaccines, need for expensive treatment, chronicity of morbidity and associated mortality. Their prevalence and distribution patterns continue to vary across geographical locations with high prevalence being detected among high risk populations. To determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV among HIV-1 infected individuals, blood samples were collected from consenting study subjects visiting comprehensive HIV clinics in Nairobi during the period between October and December 2009.MethodsBlood samples from volunteers were screened with ELISA tests for detecting HIV, HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibodies.ResultsIn a total of three (300) hundred infected individuals consisting of 129 (43%) males and 171 (57%) females 15.3% (46/300) were HIV-1 co-infected with either HBV or HCV or both, 10.3% (31/300) with HIV-1 and HCV and 6% (18/300) with HIV-1 and HBV infections. However, only three individuals (1%) were coinfected with the three viruses (HIV/HBV/HCV).ConclusionThough, low levels of co-infection with all three viruses were reported, there could be higher prevalence rates than reported here especially among high risk populations.
Highlights
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infections among Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 infected individuals are growing worldwide health problems characterized by lack of effective vaccines, need for expensive treatment, chronicity of morbidity and associated mortality
There were 48 (16%) co-infections with 18 (56%) HIV/HBV, 30 (10.%) HIV/HCV, with 3 (1%) of those infected
There was no difference in gender in dual infections of either HBV/HIV or HCV/HIV
Summary
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infections among HIV-1 infected individuals are growing worldwide health problems characterized by lack of effective vaccines, need for expensive treatment, chronicity of morbidity and associated mortality. Their prevalence and distribution patterns continue to vary across geographical locations with high prevalence being detected among high risk populations. Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), and Hepatitis C virus (HCV), are the three most common chronic viral infections all over the world They share similar transmission routes including sexual, bloodblood contact, and injecting drug usage [1,2]. CD4+ T cell count 388 (±262.95) 375 (±250.2) 398 (±226.9) 400.7 (±270.1) (Cells/mm3) (Mean) 325.8 (±228.7)
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