Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the genetic status of cagA, vacA subtype and iceA genotypes of Helicobacter pylori and the relationship with upper gastrointestinal diseases in Northeast China. Gastric biopsies were obtained from 378 patients with upper gastrointestinal diseases and 197 samples were used. The cagA, vacA alleles and iceA genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction. CagA was present in 176 (89.3%) of 197 patients. Of the 197 cases, 186 (94.4%) had vacA signal sequence s1c allele, 6 (3%) had s1a and 5 (2.5%) had s1b. The vacA s2 genotype was not detected in our study. VacA middle region sequences, m1 and m2, were found in 20 (10.2%) and 150 (76.1%), respectively. The allelic variant iceA1 (70.1%) was more prevalent than iceA2 (23.4%). The vacA allele s1am2 had a significant relationship with the presence of gastric cancer (p<0.05) and the iceA1 genotype was also associated with gastric cancer (p<0.05). These may be useful risk factors for upper gastrointestinal diseases.
Highlights
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative microaerophilic bacterium which is one of the most common pathogens in humans and has a worldwide distribution. It is associated with the development of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer and even gastric cancer [1]
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of the vacA, cagA and iceA genotypes of H. pylori from patients with upper gastrointestinal diseases and the relationship with clinical outcome in Northeast China
DNA was successfully extracted from 378 gastric mucosa tissues of patients with gastrointestinal diseases and 197 were confirmed as H. pylori infection-positive by histology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification
Summary
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative microaerophilic bacterium which is one of the most common pathogens in humans and has a worldwide distribution It is associated with the development of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer and even gastric cancer [1]. The vacA exists in all H. pylori strains and encodes vacuolating cell toxins which cause vacuole degeneration of epithelial cells. It includes two different parts: the signal (s) region encoding the signal peptide and the middle (m) region. VacA m1 strains are associated with greater gastric epithelial damage than m2 strains [8] Another virulence gene designated iceA has two main allelic variants iceA1 and iceA2 but the function of these variants is unknown. IceA1 is upregulated upon contact of H. pylori with the gastric epithelium and has been considered as a marker for peptic ulcer disease [9]
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