Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric and duodenal lesions as diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy

Abstract

Background: Helicobacter pylori is associated with various diseases, mainly, many benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions of the digestive system. Colonization of stomach by H. pylori and chronic active gastritis present a cause-and-effect relationship. Endoscopic biopsy allows the detection of H. pylori, which determines the treatment for peptic ulcer disease. Objective: To study the various spectrums of pathological lesions in patients with dyspepsia and the incidence of H. pylori in various pathological lesions. Materials and Methods: Seventy consecutive endoscopic gastric biopsies, which were received from patients presenting with symptoms of dyspepsia, were included in the study. Routine hematoxylin and eosin stain and Giemsa-stained sections were examined for the histomorphological parameters associated with H. pylori infection and correlated with the incidence of H. pylori infection in each case. Result: Of the 70 cases, 40 cases (57.5%) were positive for H. pylori, maximum positivity (66.6%) in specimens with histological evidence of gastric ulcer, followed by positivity in chronic superficial gastritis with activity cases (61.5%). Adenocarcinoma of intestinal type was associated with more positivity [4 of 5 (80%)] cases than that of adenocarcinoma of diffuse type [1 of 4 (25%)] cases. The presence of H. pylori is directly proportional to the degree of inflammation in chronic superficial gastritis. Conclusion: The frequency of H. pylori infection is common in dyspeptic patients in our population. Association between various gastric diseases such as benign, premalignant, and malignant and H. pylori is significant.