Abstract
Hearing impairment is prevalent in the general population; early intervention facilitates proper development.AimTo establish the prevalence of hearing impairment in infants at risk, born between June 2006 and July 2008, and to correlate the variables with hearing loss.Type of studydescriptive and cross-sectional.Materials and Methods188 newborns were evaluated using evoked otoacoustic emissions and distortion product and auditory behavior. Tests were repeated if the results were altered. If altered results persisted, the child was referred for impedance testing and, when necessary, for medical evaluation. Infants with normal conduction were referred for brainstem auditory evoked potential testing.ResultsOf 188 children two (1.1%) were excluded, and 174 (92.6%) had results within normal limits. Hearing impairment was found in 12 children (6.3%); hearing loss was retrocochlear in three infants (25%). Unilateral hearing loss was present in two infants (16.7%); bilateral hearing loss was present in 10 infants (83.3%).ConclusionThe high prevalence of hearing impairment in this population underlines the importance of early audiological testing.
Highlights
IntroductionIntervening before the age of 6 months allows for normal development of language regardless of the degree of hearing loss.[1]
Impaired hearing is prevalent in the world population
Hearing impairment was found in 12 children (6.3%); hearing loss was retrocochlear in three infants (25%)
Summary
Intervening before the age of 6 months allows for normal development of language regardless of the degree of hearing loss.[1]. This condition may occur in neonates at or not at risk. The prevalence of impaired hearing reaches 11% in very low birth weight neonates;[6] this study, included sensorineural, mixed and conduction hearing loss. A study that applied electrophysiology methods - evoked otoacoustic emissions - for analyzing neonates found a 6.3% rate of hearing impairment in very low birth weight infants. Another study that evaluated infants in neonatal intensive care units found prevalence rates of hearing loss ranging from 3 to 14.1%.5,7
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