Prevalence of gestational diabetes and pregnancy outcomes in Nordland and Troms counties 2004–15.

Abstract

The aim was to investigate the prevalence of gestational diabetes and pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes in Nordland and Troms counties. We included all 1 067 women with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes among 34 915 births at four hospitals in Nordland and Troms counties from 2004 to 2015. Prevalence of diabetes was calculated based on ICD-10 codes in patient records for women with diabetes in Nordland and Troms counties, and compared with national prevalence figures from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Prevalence of pre-eclampsia, macrosomia (birth weight > 4 500grams) and caesarian section was calculated for all women with diabetes and all those giving birth in the same region. Prevalence of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes remained stable. Prevalence of gestational diabetes increased from 1.0% to 4.0% in Nordland and Troms counties and from 1.0% to 3.8% nationally. Prevalence of pre-eclampsia among all women with diabetes fell from 18.8% in 2004-06 to 12.4% in 2013-15. In women with diabetes, the prevalence of pre-eclampsia was 4.6 times higher, that of macrosomia was 3.5 times higher, and the proportion of caesarian sections was 2.3 times higher than in the background population. Prevalence of gestational diabetes increased in Nordland and Troms counties, as it did nationally. Prevalence of pre-eclampsia among pregnant women with diabetes fell, but prevalence of pre-eclampsia, macrosomia and caesarean section was higher than in the background population.