Prevalence of Gastric Cancers among Patients Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopies in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Subash Bhattarai,Sudeep Regmi,Merina Gyawali

doi:10.31729/jnma.5657

Abstract

Gastric cancer is a common malignancy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Gastric cancer is a common cause of death worldwide. This research aimed to study the prevalence of gastric cancer among patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopies. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Nepal, from January 2018 to June 2020. A total of 2640 subjects underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopies over the study period. Ethical approval was taken from the institutional review committee of Manipal College of Medical Sciences (MEMG/ IRC/ 383/GA). Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20. The prevalence of gastric cancer among patients undergoing UGI endoscopies was 2.4%. The mean age of subjects was 58±12.35 years (range of 31 to 96 years) with male predominance (M:F=1.9:1). Antrum was the most common site for gastric carcinoma. The most common morphology was ulcerative growth (61.6%). Adenocarcinoma (98.4%) was the most common histology, and the majority was of intestinal subtype (56.3%). Gastric cancer is not an uncommon finding in patients undergoing UGI endoscopies. Gastric cancers were commonly seen above 50 years of age and predominant in males. Patients with gastric carcinoma usually present late with advanced disease stages and unfavorable histopathology.

Highlights

Gastric cancer is a common malignancy of the upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract
Sixty-four patients were detected with gastric cancer, demonstrating a prevalence of 2.4% among patients undergoing UGI endoscopies
Antrum was found to be the most common site of carcinoma according to Ghosh et al.[7] (70% ), Mir et al.[13] (57.52%), Barad et al.[14] (50.6%), Saha et al.[15] (51.9%), and Kabir et al.[11] (50%)

Summary

Introduction

Gastric cancer is a common malignancy of the upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract. Gastric cancer is a common cause of death worldwide. This research aimed to study the prevalence of gastric cancer among patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopies. Cancer is one of the most dreaded non-communicable diseases that have become an important contributor to disease's global burden.[1] The gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are responsible for more cancers and more deaths from cancer than any other cancers.[2] Gastric cancers is the commonest upper gastrointestinal (UGI) malignancy and is the second most common cause of death worldwide.[3]. This research is meant to study gastric cancer prevalence among patients undergoing UGI endoscopies attending medical gastroenterology clinic at a tertiary care Teaching Hospital in Gandaki province, Nepal

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