Prevalence of EGFR Mutations in Patients With Resected Stages I to III NSCLC: Results From the EARLY-EGFR Study

Abstract

IntroductionThere is limited literature on the prevalence of EGFR mutations in early stage NSCLC. EARLY-EGFR (NCT04742192), a cross-sectional study, determined the prevalence of EGFR mutations in early stage NSCLC. MethodsThis noninterventional, real-world study enrolled consecutive patients with resected stages IA to IIIB (American Joint Committee on Cancer eighth edition) NSCLC from 14 countries across Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East and Africa. The primary end point was prevalence of EGFR mutations and secondary end points included prevalence of EGFR mutation subtypes and treatment patterns. ResultsOf 601 patients (median [range] age: 62.0 [30.0–86.0] y) enrolled, 52.7% were females and 64.2% were nonsmokers. Most had stages IA to IB NSCLC (64.1%) and adenocarcinoma histology (98.7%). Overall prevalence of EGFR mutations was 51.0%; most reported exon 19 deletions (48.5%) followed by exon 21 L858R mutations (34.0%). Women had a higher EGFR mutation rate than men (64.0% versus 36.4%). Compared with no EGFR mutations, patients with EGFR mutations were more likely to be nonsmokers (35.1% versus 60.9%) and have stage I NSCLC than stages II and III NSCLC (54.8% versus 47.3% and 35.6%). Systemic adjuvant therapy was planned in 33.8% of the patients with stages IB to IIIB disease and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in 6.8%. Age above or equal to 60 years, females, and Asians were found to have a significantly (p < 0.05) higher odds of EGFR mutations, whereas smoking history and stage III disease had lower odds of EGFR mutations. ConclusionsThe EARLY-EGFR study provides an overview of EGFR mutations and subtype prevalence in patients with early stage NSCLC. The study highlights the limited adherence to treatment guidelines suggesting an unmet need for improved adjuvant therapy.