Abstract
ObjectiveDyslipidemia is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. By collecting the blood lipid profiles among adult residents of Shenmu City in Shaanxi Province, China, we aim to assess and elucidate the prevalence and risk factors of dyslipidemia in this city.MethodStratified multistage sampling was used to survey 4,598 permanent adult residents in five areas of Shenmu (2 communities in the county seat, 2 in the southern area and 2 in the northern area) from September 2019 to December 2019. Questionnaire surveys and physical examinations were conducted. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26.0.ResultsThe average level of total cholesterol (TC) is 4.47mmol/L, that of triglyceride (TG) 1.32mmol/L, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) 1.27mmol/L, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) 1.44g/L, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) 2.7mmol/L and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) 0.97g/L. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (HTC), hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), low high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and high low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) is 22.4%, 33.3%, 14.5%, and 5.81%, respectively, and the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia is 48.27%. Furthermore, blood lipid levels and prevalence of dyslipidemia vary by region, age, gender, occupation and educational level. Nine risk factors of dyslipidemia were identified, which are living in county seat or northern industrial area, increasing age, male, overweight or obesity, abdominal obesity, smoking, hypertension, abnormal glucose metabolism (pre-diabetes or diabetes) and hyperuricemia.ConclusionThe blood lipid levels and dyslipidemia prevalence of adults in Shenmu City are higher comparing to national averages of China. Combining risk factors of dyslipidemia, early detection and public health interventions are necessary in high-risk population for associated cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases prevention.
Highlights
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are becoming more and more prevalent, and the leading causes of death for Chinese people [1]
The blood lipid levels and dyslipidemia prevalence of adults in Shenmu City are higher comparing to national averages of China
Combining risk factors of dyslipidemia, early detection and public health interventions are necessary in high-risk population for associated cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases prevention
Summary
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are becoming more and more prevalent, and the leading causes of death for Chinese people [1]. Dyslipidemia, either one or a combination of elevated total cholesterol, high LDL-C, low HDL-C, and elevated triglyceride [2], is one of the primary risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases [3]. Increased levels of blood lipid profiles exacerbate the incidence of atherosclerosis, which is recognized as the primary risk factor for stroke, peripheral vascular, and heart diseases [4]. Abnormal level of LDL-C is complicated in an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease due to the buildup of plaques within the arteries [2]. HDL-C is recognized to protect blood vessel against atherosclerosis through removing cholesterol from the body [6]. The imbalance between them can cause the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke
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