Prevalence of dry eye syndrome at patients with diabetus melitus tip 2, one year retrospective study May 2011-June 2012

Abstract

ObjectiveTo prescribe and analyze the correlation of Dry Eye and Diabetes Mellitus Tip II, at Polyclinic of Specialties Nr. 2 Ophthalmology service, between May 2011 and June 2012. MethodsA total number of 223 patients diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus Tip II underwent ocular examinations. 120 male and 103 female, aged from 24–73 years old. To confirm the presence of diabetes among these patients fasting blood glucose level was performed (normal limit < 110 mg/dL). History of disease, duration of diabetes, age, sex was obtained by reviewing the medical records and direct patient interview. Also the patients complains: tearing photophobia, red eye, itching, foreign body sensation, blurred vision was recorded. From the study were excluded all conditions which affects the tear film stability and contact lens wearer. Results118 patients were diagnosed with Dry Eye Syndrome of varying degrees. 58 male/61 female. The diagnosis was made by heaving two or more positive tests performed as mentioned above, and referring to patients complains. Fourteen patients represent pinpoint corneal dye with fluorosceini, forty-six patients was positive to cotton swab test diminution of corneal sensitivity, eighty-nine patients was positive to Schirmmer test less than 10 mm, positive TBUT test less than 9 s was found to be the amount of seventy-one patients. Positive tear meniscus at inferior lid margin was found at fifty-six patients. Dry eye is a disorder of tear film because of tear deficiency or excessive tear evaporation which causes damage to the inter palpaberal ocular surface and is associated with symptoms of ocular discomfort. This ocular disorder is very common among general population with 28% of the adults having dry eye syndrome. Early diagnosis and timely treatment, complications as secondary microbial infection and corneal ulceration could be avoided. ConclusionsIn our study the Dry Eye Syndrome showed to have a high correlation with Diabetes Mellitus Tip II (about 52.9%). Prevalence of Dry Eye was significantly higher at patients with longer duration of diabetes. Dry Eye seems to be an important contributing factor related to corneal abnormalities. Age and sex not seem to play any important role in this condition. Good glycemic control is important for prevention and control of Dry Eye Syndrome.