Abstract
BackgroundDisordered Eating (DE) shows a strong association with athletics and can lead to several negative mental and physical health effects. Traditionally, sports have been grouped based upon whether or not the sport emphasizes leanness as a competing factor. Due to sociocultural factors, risk for DE may also be associated with the sport type. The aim of this review is to critically analyze the available research and data in this field to consider the relationship between DE and sport type to see which factors influence prevalence among athletesMethodA systematic review was completed using keywords specific to DE and sport types. Articles were either excluded due to lack of specification of athlete type or failure to use a standardized screening tool or interview for data collection.Results6 out of 7 studies found a significant increase in DE rates among lean sport types. When classifying by sport type reports were less consistent, but show non-lean sports also have increased rates of DE.ConclusionThere are variations in prevalence of DE behaviors depending on athlete type. It is important to identify the risk for DE early in athletes so emphasis can be placed on treatment options to nullify progression to an eating disorder, lower negative impacts on an athlete’s performance, and prevent other negative health effects. Using sport groups is important to clinical practice as well as research, as certain sports may have a higher risk for development of DE.
Highlights
Over the past fifteen years, there has been an increase in research on eating pathology in sports [1]
This study found a higher prevalence of Disordered Eating (DE) in lean sports
Health professionals caring for athletes should be aware that there is strong evidence indicating athletes competing in lean sports are at higher risk for DE, especially Aesthetic athletes and male Weight-dependent athletes
Summary
Over the past fifteen years, there has been an increase in research on eating pathology in sports [1]. Mancine et al Journal of Eating Disorders (2020) 8:47 disordered eating (DE) to a clinical eating disorder (ED). ED are clinical diagnoses that meet DSM-5 criteria, including Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), and Other Specified Feeding and Eating Disorder (OSFED) [6, 7]. Disordered Eating (DE) shows a strong association with athletics and can lead to several negative mental and physical health effects. Risk for DE may be associated with the sport type. The aim of this review is to critically analyze the available research and data in this field to consider the relationship between DE and sport type to see which factors influence prevalence among athletes
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