Abstract
Diarrhea is the second leading cause of under-five child mortality after pneumonia. The absence of clean water source, essential sanitation and hygiene is responsible for almost 88% of the disease burden in the Nigeria. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for the occurrence of childhood diarrhea among children aged between 0-5 years in Nigeria. Nigeria Demographic and health survey (NDHS) data for year 2013 was used for the purpose of this study. Descriptive Statistics was used to identify the mean age of the mother, children and also the frequencies and percentage of the independent factors. Multilevel Probit Regression was computed to assess the independent factors of childhood diarrhea. Two-way table with measures of association was used to test the association of the predictor variables. The prevalence of diarrhea in the two weeks period among under- five children in Nigeria is 9.52%. The result showed that maternal/mother’s education attainment, region, sex of children, maternal/mother’s age, children’s age, source of water, place of residence, breast feeding status, family Income and mass media were found to be positively associated risk factors for childhood diarrhea. Keywords: Prevalence, Diarrhea, Risk factor, Probit Regression, Children, Mother/care givers. DOI : 10.7176/JAAS/60-05 Publication date: January 31 st 2020
Highlights
As defined by World Health Organization diarrhea is the passage of three or more loose or liquid stools per day, or more frequently than normal for the individual
As many as 800,000 children die each year from diarrhea, with most deaths occurring in developing countries (Bhutta, 2013)
Result & Discussion: This study reveals that overall prevalence of diarrhea in Nigeria is about 9.56%
Summary
As defined by World Health Organization diarrhea is the passage of three or more loose or liquid stools per day, or more frequently than normal for the individual. It is usually a symptom of gastrointestinal infection, which can be caused by a variety of bacterial, viral and parasitic organisms. Severe diarrhea leads to fluid loss, and may be life threatening, in young children and people who are malnourished or have impaired immunity (WHO bulletin, 2013). As many as 800,000 children die each year from diarrhea, with most deaths occurring in developing countries (Bhutta, 2013). Nigeria loses about 2,300 under-five children ranking the country as the second largest contributor the under-five diarrhea. It is estimated that one in ten children dies before the first birthday, and one in five before their fifth birthday (UNICEF, 2016)
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