Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients reporting to a tertiary care diabetic center of western Uttar Pradesh

Abstract

Purpose: To measure the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients reporting to a tertiary care diabetic and endocrinology center, in western Uttar Pradesh. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study conducted on 240 eyes of 120 diabetic patients. The fundus photographs using visucam 500 were taken and classified using the abbreviated ETDRS grading system for the severity of retinopathy. The data was analysed using SPSS version 16.0 version (Chicago, Inc., USA). The Chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables. The binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to find the strength of association between prevalence of DR with various factors. The odds ratio (OR) with its 95 per cent confidence interval was calculated. Result: The overall prevalence of DR was found to be 52.5% (63 patients), out of 120 diabetic patients who were included in the study. Out of which nine (14.3%) had a unilateral involvement and 54 (85.7%) had a bilateral involvement. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of DR was found to be 52.5% among the patients reporting to a tertiary care diabetes and endocrinology center, in western Uttar Pradesh. Out of the affected patients, 14.3% patients had a unilateral involvement and 85.7% patients had a bilateral involvement. Mild NPDR was observed to be the most common stage. Severe NPDR, high risk PDR and ADED were found to be uncommon. This signifies a good control of the disease, minimizing the occurrence of severe grades of diabetic retinopathy, which are mainly responsible for vision loss. Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy, ETDRS grading, Prevalence.