Abstract
Objective: The present study is aimed to determine the frequency of depression and anxiety in patients presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome to a teaching Hospital. Methodology: It was a cross sectional descriptive study, which included 110 patients suffering from Acute coronary syndrome. Admitted patients were interviewed following ACS in 3-5 days, using semi structured interview method for important demographic information, history of psychiatric illness, and other variables. Afterwards patients were assessed for depression and anxiety. This study was conducted at MTI Mardan Medical Complex from June 2018 to June 2019. Results: There were 110 patients out of which males were 68.2% and females were 31.8%. Among these 99% were married. 10% were unemployed, while remaining were either government servants, businessmen, laborers or housewives. Educated were 40%, while remaining had received some form of education. There were 69.1% who had STEMI, 12.7% had NSTEMI, and 12.7% had CCF. Based on HDRS, 35.5% met criteria for very severe depression, followed by 15.5% severe depression. According to HAM-A scores, 14.5% met criteria for very severe anxiety, followed by 19.2% moderate to severe anxiety, and 32.7% met criteria for mild to moderate anxiety. Depression and anxiety were more prevalent among females in comparison with males. Conclusion: There is high prevalence of depression, and anxiety in patients with ischemic heart disease. Diagnosing and treating psychiatric conditions in such patients will lead to improve compliance and outcomes.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common cause of death resulting in approximately 17.9 million deaths across the globe, according to a survey conducted in 2015.1 While depression affects more than 264 million people around the world according to a report of WHO.[2]Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity.[3]
Depression and anxiety were more prevalent among females in comparison with males
Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety in patients presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome to Mardan Medical Complex
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common cause of death resulting in approximately 17.9 million deaths across the globe, according to a survey conducted in 2015.1 While depression affects more than 264 million people around the world according to a report of WHO.[2]. Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity.[3] There is a bidirectional relationship between cardiovascular diseases and depression and anxiety. Acute coronary syndrome has physical as well as psychological consequences.[4] On the other hand, depression and anxiety have negative impact on various illnesses. Various psychological states and traits, such as depression, anxiety, tension, stress, and anger, serve as risk factors for CVD.[5] It has been observed that there is high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, especially anxiety and depression among CVD patients.[6]
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