Abstract
Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of dental anomalies in the permanent dentition of individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) to increase the knowledge on the dental issues in this syndrome. Method:One hundred and five panoramic X-rays of patients with DS (61 males and 44 females), aged 7 to 42 years were used. The data were statistically analyzed using bivariate analyses test (p <0.05). Results:Dental anomalies were observed in 50.47% of the sample. More than one anomaly was observed in 9.52% of the individuals. The most frequent dental anomalies were hypodontia and microdontia (16.19%), followed by retained tooth (10.47%), taurodontism (9.52%), supernumerary teeth (5.71%), macrodontia (2.85%) and root dilaceration (0.95%). There was no statistically significant difference between genders for any of the anomalies. Conclusion: A high prevalence of dental anomalies was observed in individuals with DS. The results of the present study reinforce the importance of good dental care, offering a greater basis for professionals who provide dental service to these patients.
Highlights
Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) present one extra copy of chromosome 21 in their cells [1]
The result of the interexaminer analysis was 0.998. These results indicate very good intra and inter-examiner agreement
This study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of dental anomalies in the permanent dentition of individuals with DS, in order to increase the knowledge on the characteristics of interest to dentistry observed in these patients, aiming to improve the quality of the delivered service
Summary
Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) present one extra copy of chromosome 21 in their cells [1]. This syndrome, known as trisomy 21, is a genetic alteration with an estimated incidence of 1 in 1000 births [2]. The phenotypic characteristics of individuals with DS are quite well-known, and some are interesting in dentistry. 470 The Open Dentistry Journal, 2016, Volume 10 open bite, fissured tongue, delayed eruption of dentition, small maxilla and higher incidence of periodontal disease [3, 4] can be emphasized. Studies have reported a high prevalence of dental anomalies in individuals with DS. Others aimed at investigating specific types of dental anomalies in individuals with DS only [7 - 17]
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