Prevalence of dehiscence and fenestration in Iraqi population: CBCT-based analysis

Abstract

Objective: This study utilized the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to investigate the prevalence of lower and upper jaw fenestration and dehiscence in individuals with normal patterns, with a particular focus on central incisors to first molars on the two sides. Materials and Methods: An analysis was conducted on a cohort of 415 patients treated from January 2022 to December 2022 in the periodontal departments of Baghdad, Sulemania, Basra, and Najaf. There was a total of 174 males and 241 females that had Class I characteristics with normal anterior region patterns. The study focused on the occurrence of fenestration and dehiscence in the dentated area of both the right and left sides. These occurrences were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Dehiscence has been seen in 4.89% of the assessed mandibular teeth, whereas fenestration was observed in 0.73% of the same teeth. Dehiscences were seen in 9.78% of the examined cases in the upper jaw, while fenestrations were discovered in 5.13% of the cases. These findings indicate a significant difference in the frequency of these conditions between the upper and lower jaws. Conclusion: The occurrence of dehiscence in both jaws was found to be greater than the occurrence of fenestration. The observed patterns suggested that these findings are more possibly to be attributed to physiological instead of pathological factors.