Prevalence of coronary artery disease and its relationship with various cardiovascular risk factors: Analysis of south Indian patients

Abstract

AimsTo estimate the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and to understand the role of various risk factors and biochemical parameters among CAD patients in Singareni belt, south India. MethodsIn this cross-sectional screening study, all individuals aged >20 years of age who attended health check-up screening tests between May-2014 and May-2015 at Singareni Collieries Company, Telangana, India were examined for diagnosis of CAD and its risk factors. Accordingly, the prevalence of CAD among study participants was estimated. Further, various cardiovascular risk factors were compared between CAD and non-CAD individuals. ResultsA total of 440 subjects (age: 20–78 years; 65.9% males) were examined. CAD was diagnosed in 26 (5.9%) cases and treated at various centres in Telangana state. Comparison of CAD vs. non-CAD individuals revealed no significant difference for age, male proportion, body mass index, smoking habits, alcoholism, poor nutrition, infrequent exercise, psychological well-being, and social deprivation. Diabetes (46.2% vs. 32.6%) and hypertension (50.0% vs. 37.4%) were non-significantly higher among CAD individuals than in non-CAD individuals. Triglyceride levels were significantly higher (146.96±28.56 vs. 135.75±50.23; P=0.015), while very low density lipoprotein levels were significantly lower (25.27±11.33 vs. 26.98±15.59; P=0.030) among CAD individuals as compared to non-CAD individuals. Other lipid profile parameters, random blood sugar, haemoglobin, and serum creatinine levels were comparable between CAD and non-CAD individuals. ConclusionPrevalence of CAD was 5.9% in our study. We observed no significant differences between CAD and non-CAD individuals for various cardiovascular risk factors, lifestyle related factors, and majority of biochemical parameters.