Abstract
Background: Smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia are known as conventional risk factors of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the prevalence of it varies across populations. There is paucity of data in our country about the prevalence of risk factors for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aims to assess the prevalence of these conventional risk factors in patients who were admitted in Nobel medical college, with the diagnosis of ACS.Material & Methods: In this observational study, we enrolled 102 patients diagnosed as ACS with stenosis ≥50% of any epicardial arteries as shown on angiography admitted in Nobel Medical College between September 2015 to March 2017 and evaluate the prevalence of conventional risk factors. In addition, we analyzed the lipid profiles within 24 hour of the event.Results: Mean age of the patients was 59 years. Two third (66.7%) of the patients were male. Left anterior descending artery (43.13%) was the most common culprit lesion followed by RCA in 35.29%. Dyslipidemia was present in 73.5%, hypertension in 46.1%, smoking in 38.2% and diabetes in 37.3%. Prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia was similar among male and female. Smoking (44.1%vs26.5%) was more common in male (P=<0.05). TG ≥150 mg/dl was seen in 52% study population and higher level of TG was seen in younger population ≤45 years compared to ≥45 years old (p=0.013).Conclusion: Present study showed high prevalence of hypertension, smoking, diabetes and dyslipidemia in patients with ACS, suggesting the need of aggressive risk factor reduction in general population. Journal of Nobel Medical CollegeVolume 6, Number 1, Issue 10 (January-June, 2017), page: 48-55
Highlights
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in both developing and developed countries [1]
Our study aims to assess the prevalence of conventional risk factors in patients who were admitted with diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Nobel medical college
Cardiovascular risk factors were defined as follows a Smoking: History of cigarette smoking b Dyslipidemia: any of the following values in fasting sample taken within 24 hours of the event: total cholesterol (TC) ≥200 mg/dL, low-density lipoproteincholesterol (LDL-C) ≥130 mg/dL, TG ≥150 mg/dLand High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) ≤40 mg/dL or patient already on medication for dyslipidemia. c Hypertension: systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg or diastolic bloodpressure ≥90 mm Hg and/or concomitant use of antihypertensive medications. d Diabetes Mellitus: fasting plasma glucose
Summary
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in both developing and developed countries [1]. Dr Rajesh Nepal, et al, Journal of Nobel Medical College infarction (NSTEMI) and ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), which needs urgent or emergency care to reduce mortality or morbidity. Reduction of these risk factors has been convincingly shown to reduce the risk of future events [2,7]. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia are known as conventional risk factors of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the prevalence of it varies across populations. Material & Methods In this observational study, we enrolled 102 patients diagnosed as ACS with stenosis ≥50% of any epicardial arteries as shown on angiography admitted in Nobel Medical College between September 2015 to March 2017 and evaluate the prevalence of conventional risk factors. We analyzed the lipid profiles within 24 hour of the event
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