Prevalence of congenital malformation among neonates born after the use of progesterone for luteal support during IVF and ICSI cycles

Abstract

Introduction: This study assessed the prevalence of congenital malformation among neonates born after using progesterone for luteal support in patients undergoing IVF and ICSI cycles. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Department of a tertiary hospital. Two groups were compared: one group received only Cyclogest or Crinone gel, and the other group received a combination of Cyclogest or Crinone gel with Proluton Depot injection Results: A total of 91 patients were included, all of whom took progesterone during their IVF and ICSI cycles. The minimum age of the participants was 21, and the maximum was 41. 16.5% (n=15) patients who received progesterone for luteal support during their IVF and ICSI cycles gave birth to infants with congenital malformation, while 76 (83.5%) did not. The most commonly observed congenital malformation was patent ductus arteriosus, observed in 5 cases (5.49%), followed by delayed speech observed in 2 (2.2%). Brachydactyly, Down syndrome, autism spectrum disorder, and a number of other conditions were observed at a rate of 1.1%. Ultimately, no significant association was found between the two groups and the incidence of congenital malformations (p = 0.121). Conclusion: Our review indicates that the incidence of congenital anomalies was similar across the different treatment groups.