Prevalence of Cesarean section delivery and associated risk factors

Abstract

Background: Cesarean section (CS) is a lifesaving procedure in presence of maternal and fetal complications, but not indicated ones are associated with many adverse outcomes. Objectives: To study the prevalence and indications for caesarian section among the studied group also, studying the association between type of delivery and socio-demographic and obstetrics history of the studied group and comparing the maternal and fetal outcomes in relation to the type of delivery. Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted at Menoufia university hospitals. All records of delivered women at obstetric department during the period from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019 were collected. Patient affairs and statistics unit were reviewed for socio-demographic data, obstetric history, type of delivery, reasons of cesarean section, maternal and fetal outcome and complications. Data were collected, analyzed and tabulated using SPSS program. Results: Prevalence of Cesarean section was 45.9% and most of which were elective 59.8%. Associated significant risk factors were residence, educational and socioeconomic levels and working status. Post-partum hemorrhage was significantly high in CS delivery, while urinary incontinence and pelvic prolapse were more common with vaginal delivery. The main indication of CS in this study was previous CS 40.1%. Conclusion: Despite CS can be life saving for mother and baby in emergency indications, overuse of CS was associated with maternal and fetal complications. Efforts should be done to reduce the rate of elective CS through proper antenatal care counseling