Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have considerably high atherosclerotic changes which predict cardiovascular events; hence, this study evaluated the prevalence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in pre-dialysis CKD patients at a tertiary institution in south-east, Nigeria. Materials and Method: 107 pre-dialysis CKD patients were consecutively recruited for the study. 81 subjects who were screened and had no kidney disease served as control. The control group was sex and age matched with the CKD patients. A pre-tested questionnaire was administered to all participants and physical examination was done. Presence of atheromatous plaques was assessed using doppler ultrasound at 3 sites—distal common carotid artery (CCA), the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the carotid bulb by a single skilled radiologist specialized in doppler ultrasound. Results: Atheromatous plaques were significantly increased in CKD patients. 14.2% of CKD patients had atheromatous plaques versus 2.5% in the control group (p value Conclusions: Atheromatous plaques are prevalent in CKD patients. It is recommended that carotid doppler ultrasound should be done in CKD patients to identify patients for possible intervention.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have considerably high atherosclerotic changes which predict cardiovascular events; this study evaluated the prevalence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in pre-dialysis CKD patients at a tertiary institution in south-east, Nigeria
It is recommended that carotid doppler ultrasound should be done in CKD patients to identify patients for possible intervention
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem. Patients with CKD have higher cardiovascular complications and markedly increased risk of ischemic stroke. They have higher prevalence of premature arterial plaque formation and 20-fold increased cardiovascular mortality compared with individuals with normal kidney function [4] [5]. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have considerably high atherosclerotic changes which predict cardiovascular events; this study evaluated the prevalence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in pre-dialysis CKD patients at a tertiary institution in south-east, Nigeria. 14.2% of CKD patients had atheromatous plaques versus 2.5% in the control group (p value < 0.05). It is recommended that carotid doppler ultrasound should be done in CKD patients to identify patients for possible intervention
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