Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors and their association with outcomes in working-age patients with arterial hypertension

Abstract

Most epidemiological studies are devoted to studying the prevalence of risk factors (RFs) for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the general population, but this problem has not been sufficiently studied in people of working age. Purpose. To study the prevalence of CVD risk factors and their relationship with outcomes in working-age patients with arterial hypertension (AH). Material and methods. Data from 13,994 working-age patients with hypertension who were observed on an outpatient basis were analyzed. The analysis was carried out according to the following CVD risk factors: gender, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking history, diabetes mellitus (DM), levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), cholesterol, glucose, glomerular filtration rate, risk on the SCORE scale. The effect of risk factors on unfavorable outcome of the disease was also studied. Results. Patients with AH of working age, who were observed and treated on an outpatient basis, had fairly good control of AH (average values – 135/80 mm Hg). Women had lower systolic BP, total cholesterol levels and BMI were higher than men. Men were more likely to have a history of smoking and T2DM. Among all patients, T2DM was detected in 4.7% of cases, while patients with DM were older in age, had a higher BMI, and were more likely to smoke compared to patients without DM. In patients with T2DM, BP control was better (average value – 130/80 mm Hg), the level of total cholesterol did not differ significantly from patients without DM. During the observation period, 234 (1.7%) patients died (from coronary heart disease – 69.7%, from CVD – 30.3%). The following risk factors for unfavorable outcome were identified: age, male gender, increased systolic BP, smoking, presence of diabetes, increased risk score on the SCORE scale.