Prevalence of cardiac myosin-binding protein C3 mutations in Maine Coon cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Pratch Sukumolanan,Soontaree Petchdee

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2022.502-508

Abstract

Background and Aim:Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common heart problem that affects many cats. Although cats with HCM are symptomatic, some die suddenly or develop congestive heart failure. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of myosin-binding protein C3 (MYBPC3), A31P, and A74T polymorphisms in Maine Coon cats to assess risk factors for diagnosing HCM in cats.Materials and Methods:Forty-nine Maine Coon cats of at least 10 months of age were enrolled in this study. First, clinical parameters, such as heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and echocardiography, were evaluated. Then, polymerase chain reaction, followed by DNA sequencing, was conducted using specific primers for amino acid substitutions caused by genetic variants of MYBPC3-A31P and -A74T polymorphisms.Results:Investigations showed that the prevalence of MYBPC3-A31P and -A74T mutations in this study was 16.33% and 24.45%, respectively. Moreover, HCM in cats with MYBPC3-A31P and A74T mutations increased with age, body weight, high heart rate, and prolonged isovolumic relaxation time.Conclusion:Therefore, we propose that Maine Coon cats develop HCM due to multiple genetic factors and underlying clinical characteristics in individual cats. Furthermore, relaxation time assessments can be a sensitive technique for HCM screening during its preclinical phase and can help identify the risk of developing HCM. However, further studies are warranted to evaluate the effect of MYBPC3 mutations on the phenotypic expression of HCM.

Highlights

Indonesia has the highest production of edible bird nests (EBNs) worldwide (85%), followed by Malaysia and Thailand [1]
Hg was not detected in the raw–unclean edible bird’s nest (EBNs) samples from Sulawesi
Heavy metals (As, Hg, Pb, Cd, and Sn) were detected at a low level in most of the raw–unclean EBNs originating from the main Indonesian island where they were produced

Summary

Introduction

Indonesia has the highest production of edible bird nests (EBNs) worldwide (85%), followed by Malaysia and Thailand [1]. In 2020, Indonesia exported up to 1,312.5 tons of EBNs at a value of USD540.4 million. The demand for EBN exports in Indonesia increased by 4.27% in 2020 compared with 2019 [2]. In 2020, Indonesia, which has the highest global production of edible bird’s nest (EBNs), exported up to 1312.5 tons of this product at a value of USD 540.4 million. Data on the presence and concentration of heavy metals in EBNs in Indonesia are not yet available. This study aimed to determine and compare the presence and concentrations of arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and tin (Sn) in EBNs originating from several primary Indonesian islands. The study analyzed the effect of washing on the heavy metal content in EBNs

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