PREVALENCE OF CARDIAC DISEASES

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of cardiacdisease among pregnant females and its impact on feto-maternal outcome. Study Design:Descriptive case series. Setting: Cardiology department Gulab Devi Chest Hospital LahoreDuration: April 2013 to April 2014. Patients & Methods: All pregnant females with cardiacdisease at any gestation with booked or un-booked statutes were included in this study. Patientswere admitted for thorough evaluation and investigations. Labor was monitored intensively. Dataregarding maternal outcomes were noted down on pre-formed questionnaire. Intra partum andpostpartum details were also noted down along with fetal outcome. The results were analyzedusing SPSS version 16.0.. Results: The total number of females presented with cardiac diseasewas 2650, out of which only 35 women were reported as pregnant. The duration of pregnancyat the time of presentation was as follows: 05 (14.2%) females presented in first trimester, 20(57.1%) in second trimester, 08 (22.8%) in third trimester and 02 (5.7%) patients presented inpostpartum period. There were 08 (22.8%) patients who had preterm labor. In terms of fetaloutcome 04 babies had birth weight of less than 1.5 kg, 12 had 1.5-2.0 kg, 15 were in rangeof 2-2.5 kg and 04 were more than 2.5 kg. 27 (77.1%) were term and 08 (22.8%) were pretermbabies. Cleft lip and atrial septal defect were the only two identified congenital anomalies.Conclusion: The overall prevalence of cardiac diseases during pregnancy was found to be1.3% in this study. Most common affected age group was of 20-25 years. Most common cardiacdisease found in our patient was mitral stenosis. 02 pregnancies ended in intrauterine fetaldeath. 08 babies were born preterm. Cleft lip and atrial septal defect were the only two identifiedcongenital anomalies in newborn delivered by our pregnant patients. Every effort should madeto create awareness regarding pre-pregnancy counseling, so that associated fetal and maternalmorbidity can be reduced.