Prevalence of Bruxism in Down Syndrome Patients: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis.

Abstract

Bruxism is a parafunctional activity characterized by grinding or clenching of teeth and is a common oral health concern in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). Understanding the prevalence of bruxism in this population is crucial for developing effective management strategies. This systematic review and meta-analysis is aimed to investigate the prevalence of bruxism among individuals with DS and explore its association with other oral health issues; METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple electronic databases to identify relevant studies. Cross-sectional and observational studies were included. Data on bruxism prevalence and associated factors were extracted, and a meta-analysis was performed using both fixed and random-effects models of MedCalc software. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using I2 statistics. New Castle - Ottawa scale was used to evaluate methodological quality of the included studies RESULTS: Eight studies met the predefined inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Seven studies used a questionnaire to assess bruxism. The pooled proportion estimate for occurrence of Down's syndrome across the included studies was found to be 0.33 (95% CI: 0.22-0.45) as per the RE model and 0.35(95% CI: 0.31-0.450) as per FE model in the quantitative analysis. All studies exhibited good methodological quality CONCLUSION: This systematic review and meta-analysis provide evidence of a significant prevalence of bruxism among individuals with Down syndrome. The findings highlight the association of bruxism with other oral health issues and specific chromosomal abnormalities. Comprehensive oral health assessments, including diagnostic procedures like PSG, are essential for addressing the unique oral health needs of individuals with DS. Further studies are recommended with a valid tool for the diagnosis. Early interventions and management strategies need to be tailored to this population, considering the multifaceted nature of oral health concerns in individuals with DS.