Prevalence of breastfeeding in the public health sector of Argentina according to the National Survey on Breastfeeding of 2017.

Abstract

Breastfeeding reduces the risk for morbidity and mortality in children and also provides environmental and financial advantages. Breastfeeding monitoring is critical for public policies. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of breastfeeding in the population seeking care in the public sector, compare this prevalence to data from 2015, and assess associated outcome measures. Cross-sectional, observational study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect intake and sociodemographic data from infants aged < 6 months (n = 15 322) and 12-15 months (n = 3243) who sought care from public sector health care providers spontaneously between August and September 2017. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among infants < 6 months was 53.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 52.7-54.3); and at 4 and 6 months, 51.5% (95% CI: 49.7-53.4) and 41.7% (95% CI: 39.8-43.5), respectively. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at 4 and 6 months increased compared to 2015 (p < 0.001). The prevalence of breastfeeding among infants aged 12-15 months was 77.8% (95% CI: 76.4-79.3). The following variables were independently associated with a lower frequency of exclusive breastfeeding (< 6 months old) and breastfeeding: older age, lower level of maternal education, delivery via C-section, low birth weight, initial breastfeeding after the first hour, and separation of the mother-child dyad ≥ 4 hours a day. Exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months and continued breastfeeding showed certain improvement, but the rate of breastfed infants is still below desirable levels.