Prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and apparent density of tsetse flies in Hawa Gelan district, West Oromia, Ethiopia

Abstract

Across sectional study was conducted from October to November 2021 to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and the apparent density of tsetse flies in six peasant association of hawa gelan district. For the prevalence study, dark phase contrast buffy coat examination and giemsa stained thin blood smears were used. Whereas for entomological survey to determine apparent density of flies, traps were deployed. The entomological survey indicated that four species of glossina were the fly species caught in the study area. Apparent tsetse flies density of 5.34 flies/trap/day was recorded in the district and the highest FTD was recorded Mender 16 village. For the prevalence study, out of total of 532 cattle examined, 19(3.57%) were found infected with trypanosomes. Out of infected animals highest prevalence was recorded in cattle with poor body condition (52.63%) followed by medium (31.58%) and good (15.79%).The overall mean PCV value of examined cattle is 29.29± 4.813 and the overall mean PCV value of non infected cattle was slightly higher (29.30%) than that of infected animals (28.3%).Among the species of trypanosomes isolated, Trypanosoma vivax was identified to the major causes of trypanosomosis in the study area accounting for 63.16% of total infections observed followed by trpanosoma congolense (36.84%) respectively. Taken as a whole, the present work evidenced that tsetse and trypanosomosis has continued to pose aconsiderable threat to cattle of the study area warranting an integrated control to safeguard cattle production and productivity.