Abstract
ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of blood type A among patients referred for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and whether it is related to vascular complications.BackgroundsVascular complications following TAVI are associated with adverse outcomes. Various blood types, particularly type A, have been shown to be more prevalent in cardiovascular diseases and to be related to prognosis.MethodsThe prevalence of various blood types in a cohort of 491 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI was compared with a control group of 6500 consecutive hospitalised patients. The prevalence and predictors of vascular complications and bleeding events were evaluated in the blood type A group and were compared with non-type A patients.ResultsThe mean age of TAVI patients was 83 ± 6 years, and 40 % were males. Patients were divided into two groups: blood type A (n = 220) and non-type A (n = 271). Type A was significantly more prevalent in the TAVI group than in the control group (45 vs. 38 %, p = 0.023). Compared with the non-type A group, patients with blood type A had more major and fatal bleeding (14.5 vs. 8.1 %, p = 0.027) and more vascular complications (any vascular complication: 24.5 vs. 15.9 % p = 0.016; major vascular complications: 12.3 vs. 7 % p = 0.047). In a multivariable analysis, blood type A emerged as a significant and independent predictor for vascular complications and bleeding events.ConclusionsBlood type A is significantly more prevalent in TAVI patients than in the general population and is related to higher rates of vascular and bleeding complications.
Highlights
Severe aortic stenosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly [1]
In the present study we demonstrated that among patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), blood type A was significantly more prevalent as compared with the general population, and that type A was independently and significantly associated with vascular complications
Since 1901, when Landsteiner identified the ABO blood type system and its importance in transfusion and transplantation medicine, there has been debate regarding its usefulness as a predictor of diseases, in particular cardiovascular diseases
Summary
Severe aortic stenosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly [1]. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) was shown to confer a lower risk of morbidity and mortality in this subset of patients with a high surgical risk and has become common practice [4,5,6], but vascular complications after TAVI are associated with adverse short- and long-term outcomes [6,7,8]. Non-O blood types, mostly type A, were related to increased prevalence of morbidity and mortality in various cardiovascular diseases [12,13,14] but this was not studied in patients undergoing TAVI.
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