Prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis

Abstract

Introduction. Violation of sputum evacuation in patients with cystic fibrosis leads to the persistence of microorganisms. Most often, the microorganisms are isolated from sputum in patients with cystic fibrosis: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cepacia complex, etc. For the treatment of infections caused by P. aeruginosa, the following groups of antibiotics are used: aminoglycosides, carbapenems, polymyxins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, inhibitor-protected penicillins and fosfomycin.Aim. To the study is to determine antimicrobial resistance in P. aeruginosa isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis.Materials and methods. An analysis of 87 results of sputum, biomaterial from the posterior wall of the pharynx and nose was made.Results and discussion. Biomaterial was taken from the nasal in 4.6% cases, from the posterior pharyngeal wall in 35.6% and sputum in 59.8%. The lowest level of resistance was registered in strains isolated from the nasal cavity. Microorganisms isolated from the posterior pharyngeal wall showed a higher level of antibiotic resistance. The sensitivity data of sputum isolates were similar to the results from the posterior pharyngeal wall. The highest level of resistance was obtained to aminoglycosides (19.3%) and carbapenems (14.8%). In addition, 12.5% of P. aeruginosa isolates were resistant to sodium colistimethate, 10.2% to fluoroquinolones. The lowest level of insensitivity was found to cephalosporins (5.7%) and protected beta-lactams (4.5%). The revealed trend of decreasing sensitivity, in our opinion, is associated with a greater frequency of antibiotic use.Conclusion. Chronic P. aeruginosa infection in patients with CF contributes to a more severe course of the disease and increases the risk of complications.