PREVALENCE OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA

Abstract

One of the main bacteria responsible for hospital-acquired illnesses is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Through chromosomal changes or the horizontal acquisition of resistant determinants, antibiotic resistance can be easily developed it. High-risk clones, like ST175, are spreading together with the rising frequency of extensively-drug-resistant (XDR) or multi-drug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa isolates. MDR/XDR infections should be taken seriously since they can make it difficult to choose the best empirical and conclusive antimicrobial therapies. New avenues for the treatment of MDR/XDR P. aeruginosa infections have been opened by the introduction of powerful new antibiotics. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains are known to withstand the majority of antibiotics by utilizing their high levels of intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms. Furthermore, recalcitrance and infection recurrence are caused by P. aeruginosas adaptive antibiotic resistance, a recently identified process that combines biofilm-mediated resistance and the development of multidrug-tolerant persister cells. There is a growing need for and interest in the research and development of alternative therapeutic approaches that offer fresh approaches to combat P. aeruginosa infections. Much recent research has documented various novel therapeutic methods that have proven pronouncedly effective in treating drug-resistant P. aeruginosa strains, but largely at the preclinical stages. This review focuses on the Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosaand also provides an overview of the characteristics of pseudomonas bacteria, various infections caused by them, the mechanism of antibiotic resistance, their clinical implications, Challenges in treatment, strategies for management and control, and future perspectives and research directions.